Provides long-term, comprehensive care in outpatient and inpatient settings and helps manage common and complex illnesses in adults and the elderly. Primary Care: internists are trained in the essentials of primary care internal medicine, which includes disease prevention, wellness, substance abuse, mental health, and common problems of the eyes, ears, skin, nervous system, and reproductive organs. Specialty Care: internists also diagnose cancer, infections, and diseases affecting the heart, blood, kidneys, joints, and the respiratory and vascular systems. Many have special interests or certifications in sub-specialties including: - Adult congenital heart disease - Advanced heart failure and transplant cardiology - Cardiovascular disease - Clinical cardiac electrophysiology - Critical care medicine - Endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism - Gastroenterology - Geriatric medicine - Hematology - Hospice and palliative care - Hospital medicine - Infectious disease - Interventional cardiology - Medical oncology - Nephrology - Pulmonology - Rheumatology - Sleep medicine - Sports medicine - Transplant hepatology